Real-Time Analysis of Solid Recovered Fuels through Near-Infrared-Technology
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
With the expanding potential of data processing, the scope of application for near-infrared Technology in the area of waste processing is continuously growing.
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
With the expanding potential of data processing, the scope of application for near-infrared Technology in the area of waste processing is continuously growing.
Carbon Footprint Tool for Municipal Waste Management in Styria
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
The contribution of waste management operations to environmental protection is mostly looked at in terms of the collection and treatment of waste. Due to international contracts, as Kyoto Protocol and national emission reduction objectives, Stakeholder are confronted with collecting data, calculation of emissions and presenting them within sustainability reports.
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
The contribution of waste management operations to environmental protection is mostly looked at in terms of the collection and treatment of waste. Due to international contracts, as Kyoto Protocol and national emission reduction objectives, Stakeholder are confronted with collecting data, calculation of emissions and presenting them within sustainability reports.
Best-Before-Date – Reason for the Large Extent of Food Waste?!
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
Large amounts of food waste are generated along the whole value chain/Food chain. Until Food finally reaches the end consumers for various reasons 1.3 billion tons of food are getting lost on the way from food production to the household.
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
Large amounts of food waste are generated along the whole value chain/Food chain. Until Food finally reaches the end consumers for various reasons 1.3 billion tons of food are getting lost on the way from food production to the household.
Analyzing Initiatives to Reduce Food Waste at Consumer Level in
Styria
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
Food waste has reached disquieting proportions worldwide. About one third of all food losses are caused by consumers mostly in the industrialized countries. This paper presents the results of a 2014 survey on activities taken in Styria to raise consumers’ awareness for Food losses. The mixed methods approach applied consists of a chain referral research for activities aiming to raise awareness for food losses at the consumer level. We tried to detect “all” activities between 2011 and 2013. Each activity was categorized as to aspects like initiators, reach or motives. Additionally we conducted a series of semi-structured interviews with experts-in-the-fi eld for further validation.
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
Food waste has reached disquieting proportions worldwide. About one third of all food losses are caused by consumers mostly in the industrialized countries. This paper presents the results of a 2014 survey on activities taken in Styria to raise consumers’ awareness for Food losses. The mixed methods approach applied consists of a chain referral research for activities aiming to raise awareness for food losses at the consumer level. We tried to detect “all” activities between 2011 and 2013. Each activity was categorized as to aspects like initiators, reach or motives. Additionally we conducted a series of semi-structured interviews with experts-in-the-fi eld for further validation.
The Role of Source Separated Food Waste in the New Waste Management Plan in Lombardy, Italy
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2014)
Lombardy is a Region in northern Italy, with a population of 10,000,000 people and 1546 municipalities. Recently it drafted the new regional waste management plan, setting a new target in terms of recycling rate (65% for each municipality, to be achieved by 2020). In order to achieve this high target, the Region recognizes the key role of food waste as the first fraction to be separated by citizens. In Lombardy, currently more than 600 Municipalities have already implemented the kerbside collection scheme based on biodegradable and compostable bags for the collection of food waste only, without garden waste.
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2014)
Lombardy is a Region in northern Italy, with a population of 10,000,000 people and 1546 municipalities. Recently it drafted the new regional waste management plan, setting a new target in terms of recycling rate (65% for each municipality, to be achieved by 2020). In order to achieve this high target, the Region recognizes the key role of food waste as the first fraction to be separated by citizens. In Lombardy, currently more than 600 Municipalities have already implemented the kerbside collection scheme based on biodegradable and compostable bags for the collection of food waste only, without garden waste.
Household food waste in Greece - estimation through a self-reported food waste diary
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2014)
According to a study for food waste in the EU-27, households produces approximately 42% of the total amount of food waste. Even though the generation of household food waste is only one part of the whole picture, there is growing evidence that their contribution to the problem is particularly significant. However, there is a complete lack of quantitative data on the food waste generation in Greece. Thus, the aim of the present research was to fill the lack of information on the attitudes and behaviours of Greek households towards food waste generation and prevention.
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2014)
According to a study for food waste in the EU-27, households produces approximately 42% of the total amount of food waste. Even though the generation of household food waste is only one part of the whole picture, there is growing evidence that their contribution to the problem is particularly significant. However, there is a complete lack of quantitative data on the food waste generation in Greece. Thus, the aim of the present research was to fill the lack of information on the attitudes and behaviours of Greek households towards food waste generation and prevention.
Generation and Disposition of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in the United States - A National Survey
© WtERT USA , Columbia University, Earth Engineering Center (1/2014)
The objective of this research study was to conduct a national survey of MSW generation and disposition, by compiling and analyzing waste management data provided by the waste management agencies of the fifty states of the Union. Furthermore, the study examined the national trend of waste generation and management since the beginning of this century and explored options for improved data collection and waste management at the state and national levels.
© WtERT USA , Columbia University, Earth Engineering Center (1/2014)
The objective of this research study was to conduct a national survey of MSW generation and disposition, by compiling and analyzing waste management data provided by the waste management agencies of the fifty states of the Union. Furthermore, the study examined the national trend of waste generation and management since the beginning of this century and explored options for improved data collection and waste management at the state and national levels.
Waste - valuables - secondary resources - contaminants - waste again?
© Eigenbeiträge der Autoren (5/2013)
‘Closing the loop’ numbers among the confessions of environmental policy. And it is true: Without getting out resources from waste, some naturally scarce resources will run out of supply very early. Material recovery mostly saves energy in comparison to the production out of primary materials.
© Eigenbeiträge der Autoren (5/2013)
‘Closing the loop’ numbers among the confessions of environmental policy. And it is true: Without getting out resources from waste, some naturally scarce resources will run out of supply very early. Material recovery mostly saves energy in comparison to the production out of primary materials.
Sorption Behavior of Uranium in Soils
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2012)
As a limiting factor for plant growth, phosphorous (P) is removed permanently from soils and P-fertilization is indispensible for arable soils. Depending on origin and processing method of the raw materials, mineral P-fertilizers can contain Uranium (U) up to 173 mg·kg-1 (Dittrich & Klose 2008). Considering an extensive P-fertilization in conventional agriculture, their applica-tion could lead to an annual input of U into agricultural environments. Regarding the high hu-man- and phyto-toxic potential of U, it is necessary to characterize the fate of U in the pe-dosphere and to identify and quantify further processes like enrichment in soils, plant uptake or leaching into groundwater aquifers. In surface and soil waters the Uranyl-ion (UO22+) is the pre-dominant species of U. Since the high tendency to hydrolysis and complexation with different ligands, the chemistry of U in soils is very complex. Moreover, the physico-chemical properties of soils may vary in a broad range and could cause very different liquid/solid distributions of U, which mainly determines the mobility and plant availability of U.
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2012)
As a limiting factor for plant growth, phosphorous (P) is removed permanently from soils and P-fertilization is indispensible for arable soils. Depending on origin and processing method of the raw materials, mineral P-fertilizers can contain Uranium (U) up to 173 mg·kg-1 (Dittrich & Klose 2008). Considering an extensive P-fertilization in conventional agriculture, their applica-tion could lead to an annual input of U into agricultural environments. Regarding the high hu-man- and phyto-toxic potential of U, it is necessary to characterize the fate of U in the pe-dosphere and to identify and quantify further processes like enrichment in soils, plant uptake or leaching into groundwater aquifers. In surface and soil waters the Uranyl-ion (UO22+) is the pre-dominant species of U. Since the high tendency to hydrolysis and complexation with different ligands, the chemistry of U in soils is very complex. Moreover, the physico-chemical properties of soils may vary in a broad range and could cause very different liquid/solid distributions of U, which mainly determines the mobility and plant availability of U.
LCA of Municipal Solid Waste Management in the City of Irkutsk (Siberia)
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2012)
Irkutsk is a city of Eastern Siberia in Russia, administrative centre of Irkutsk region situated on the river Angara at the distance of 66 km to the west from Lake Baikal. With population 600 thousand people Irkutsk is fifth biggest city in Siberia. Existed waste management system in Ir-kutsk, based on landfilling do not carry out the task of environmental waste treatment but it is source of negative impact on environment and threat to human health. The average citizen in Irkutsk produces 1.2 kg/day of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), which is comparable with Eu-rope rate of 1.4 kg/day (Al-Salem 2009) and much less USA rate of 2.0 kg/day (Al-Salem, 2009). MSW generation in Irkutsk has steadily increasing tendency.
© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2012)
Irkutsk is a city of Eastern Siberia in Russia, administrative centre of Irkutsk region situated on the river Angara at the distance of 66 km to the west from Lake Baikal. With population 600 thousand people Irkutsk is fifth biggest city in Siberia. Existed waste management system in Ir-kutsk, based on landfilling do not carry out the task of environmental waste treatment but it is source of negative impact on environment and threat to human health. The average citizen in Irkutsk produces 1.2 kg/day of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), which is comparable with Eu-rope rate of 1.4 kg/day (Al-Salem 2009) and much less USA rate of 2.0 kg/day (Al-Salem, 2009). MSW generation in Irkutsk has steadily increasing tendency.
