Cost and profitability of RDF production and utilization plants
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (11/2006)
One of the options advocated by waste management planners and government regulations is the recovery of material and energy from municipal solid waste (MSW) through production of a refuse derived fuel (RDF) (Rhyner et al., 1995; Tsiliyannis, 1999). In 2003 the total amount of RDF produced in the EU was estimated at 3 million tpy, and forecasted to grow to 13 million tpy in the subsequent two to three years, even if there is substantial uncertainty in the available data.
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (11/2006)
One of the options advocated by waste management planners and government regulations is the recovery of material and energy from municipal solid waste (MSW) through production of a refuse derived fuel (RDF) (Rhyner et al., 1995; Tsiliyannis, 1999). In 2003 the total amount of RDF produced in the EU was estimated at 3 million tpy, and forecasted to grow to 13 million tpy in the subsequent two to three years, even if there is substantial uncertainty in the available data.
The soil description in the frame of Czech-Bavaria monitoring project “Risk elements in the soil in relation to environment – cross- order soil protection bases (Bavaria – Czech Republic)”
© Bayerisches Landesamt fĂĽr Umwelt (5/2006)
Das Projekt „Risikostoffe im Boden in Beziehung zur Umwelt – grenzüberschreitende Grundlagen des Bodenschutzes (Bayern – Tschechien)“ schließt sich auf das ähnliche Bayerische Projekt an. Es liegen drei Punkte in diesem Projekt vor, die unterschiedlich sind: Bodenklassifikation, Beschreibung der Bodenhorizonte und der Bodentextur. Durch intensive Verhandlungen wurden diese Probleme jedoch beseitigt.
© Bayerisches Landesamt fĂĽr Umwelt (5/2006)
Das Projekt „Risikostoffe im Boden in Beziehung zur Umwelt – grenzüberschreitende Grundlagen des Bodenschutzes (Bayern – Tschechien)“ schließt sich auf das ähnliche Bayerische Projekt an. Es liegen drei Punkte in diesem Projekt vor, die unterschiedlich sind: Bodenklassifikation, Beschreibung der Bodenhorizonte und der Bodentextur. Durch intensive Verhandlungen wurden diese Probleme jedoch beseitigt.
The soil monitoring along the Czech and Bavarian border
© Bayerisches Landesamt fĂĽr Umwelt (5/2006)
Based on professional experience the Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture (CISTA) in the Czech Republic together with the Bayerisches Landesamt fĂĽr Umwelt (LfU) (previously Bayerisches Geologisches Landesamt),started a joint project in the frame of the EU-INTERREG program. The main aim of this project is the transfer and implementation of the Bavarian soil monitoring grid on the Czech territory.
© Bayerisches Landesamt fĂĽr Umwelt (5/2006)
Based on professional experience the Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture (CISTA) in the Czech Republic together with the Bayerisches Landesamt fĂĽr Umwelt (LfU) (previously Bayerisches Geologisches Landesamt),started a joint project in the frame of the EU-INTERREG program. The main aim of this project is the transfer and implementation of the Bavarian soil monitoring grid on the Czech territory.
The European Parliament and the Implementation of EU Environmental Policies: the Case of the Spanish Water Plan
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (6/2005)
This article examines the European Parliament’s ability to scrutinize and control the implementation of EU Environmental law by national authorities, taking as an example the Spanish Water Plan – a major infrastructure plan which allegedly infringed several EU Directives and was ultimately abandoned last year.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (6/2005)
This article examines the European Parliament’s ability to scrutinize and control the implementation of EU Environmental law by national authorities, taking as an example the Spanish Water Plan – a major infrastructure plan which allegedly infringed several EU Directives and was ultimately abandoned last year.
The European Union’s Approach to Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (4/2005)
Although the Kyoto Protocol only came into force in February of this year, the European Union, both collectively and at Member State level, has over ten years’ experience debating, agreeing and implementing climate change-related policies. It is both the lively domestic dialogue and the commitment to international coordinated action that has put Europe into a leadership position in climate change policy.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (4/2005)
Although the Kyoto Protocol only came into force in February of this year, the European Union, both collectively and at Member State level, has over ten years’ experience debating, agreeing and implementing climate change-related policies. It is both the lively domestic dialogue and the commitment to international coordinated action that has put Europe into a leadership position in climate change policy.
It Takes Two to Tango – Climate Policy at COP 10 in Buenos Aires and Beyond
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (4/2005)
Positive moments in international climate diplomacy generally do not last very long. On 18 November 2004, Russia finally completed its ratification of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). In accordance with Article 25.1, Russia’s ratification was the last one needed for the Protocol to enter into force, which took place amid worldwide celebrations on 16 February 2005.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (4/2005)
Positive moments in international climate diplomacy generally do not last very long. On 18 November 2004, Russia finally completed its ratification of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). In accordance with Article 25.1, Russia’s ratification was the last one needed for the Protocol to enter into force, which took place amid worldwide celebrations on 16 February 2005.
Access to Justice in EU Member States
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (2/2005)
As a signatory of the Aarhus Convention, the European Union aims to transpose its provisions into EU law. The so-called legislative package presented by the European Commission at the end of 2003 to complete the implementation of the Aarhus Convention at the Community level contained a draft directive on access to justice in environmental matters, a proposal for a council decision on the conclusion of the Convention on behalf of the European Community and a draft regulation applying the three pillars of the Convention to all EU institutions.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (2/2005)
As a signatory of the Aarhus Convention, the European Union aims to transpose its provisions into EU law. The so-called legislative package presented by the European Commission at the end of 2003 to complete the implementation of the Aarhus Convention at the Community level contained a draft directive on access to justice in environmental matters, a proposal for a council decision on the conclusion of the Convention on behalf of the European Community and a draft regulation applying the three pillars of the Convention to all EU institutions.
Implications of the Community law in Switzerland
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (12/2004)
The fact that Switzerland is not a member of the EU does not entail a veritable separation between both of the legal orders. The aim of this contribution is precisely to clarify the mecanisms of the reception of Community law in Swiss law.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (12/2004)
The fact that Switzerland is not a member of the EU does not entail a veritable separation between both of the legal orders. The aim of this contribution is precisely to clarify the mecanisms of the reception of Community law in Swiss law.
Intensive border traffic ? - Legal questions of waste transports between Netherlands and Germany
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (12/2004)
The amount of waste exportet from the Netherlands to Germany has increased heavily during the last years from 526.000 tons in 1998 up to almost 4 million tons in 2003.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (12/2004)
The amount of waste exportet from the Netherlands to Germany has increased heavily during the last years from 526.000 tons in 1998 up to almost 4 million tons in 2003.
State Aid Review of Member States’ Measures Relating to Direct Business Taxation
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (5/2004)
Member States’ direct tax measures on business activities are increasingly coming under the scrutiny of the Commission as potential hidden forms of State aid. The scope of this article is to describe how the Commission has interpreted the application of the State aid prohibition with a view to distinguishing anticompetitive aid measures from general direct tax measures.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (5/2004)
Member States’ direct tax measures on business activities are increasingly coming under the scrutiny of the Commission as potential hidden forms of State aid. The scope of this article is to describe how the Commission has interpreted the application of the State aid prohibition with a view to distinguishing anticompetitive aid measures from general direct tax measures.
