Vegetable oil extraction of petroleum hydrocarbons from soil and subsequent separation via non-woven fabrics
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2020)
The current combination, though, of using microemulsions of plant oil in water to extract mineral hydrocarbons in-situ from the soil and to separate that contaminated oil phase from water via non-wovens is novel and in preliminary experiments was shown be to very promising in terms of costs and performance.
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2020)
The current combination, though, of using microemulsions of plant oil in water to extract mineral hydrocarbons in-situ from the soil and to separate that contaminated oil phase from water via non-wovens is novel and in preliminary experiments was shown be to very promising in terms of costs and performance.
Modelling of Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) Properties Based on Material Composition – Chloride Quality
© TK Verlag - Fachverlag fĂĽr Kreislaufwirtschaft (9/2016)
Producing solid recovered fuels (SRF) is a well-established route for recovering energy resources from municipal solid waste (household and/or commercial). Chloride content critically impacts the quality of SRF. It directly influences operation of thermal processes, having deleterious effects through the high temperature corrosion of the boilers and through demands placed on the flue gas treatment (FGT) system, which could impact emissions control. Whereas design and specification of process plant can mitigate the technical issues associated with the presence of chloride experienced during thermal treatment, processing such fuels is associated with increased capital, operating and maintenance costs. This, at best, restricts the uptake/use of SRF or increases the cost of its treatment towards achieving a reduced chloride content.
© TK Verlag - Fachverlag fĂĽr Kreislaufwirtschaft (9/2016)
Producing solid recovered fuels (SRF) is a well-established route for recovering energy resources from municipal solid waste (household and/or commercial). Chloride content critically impacts the quality of SRF. It directly influences operation of thermal processes, having deleterious effects through the high temperature corrosion of the boilers and through demands placed on the flue gas treatment (FGT) system, which could impact emissions control. Whereas design and specification of process plant can mitigate the technical issues associated with the presence of chloride experienced during thermal treatment, processing such fuels is associated with increased capital, operating and maintenance costs. This, at best, restricts the uptake/use of SRF or increases the cost of its treatment towards achieving a reduced chloride content.
Disposal of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers – Problems During Recycling and Impacts on Waste Incineration
© TK Verlag - Fachverlag fĂĽr Kreislaufwirtschaft (9/2016)
Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are becoming increasingly more ubiquitous in our daily lives. CFRPs are composite materials, consisting of carbon fibers with high mechanical capabilities and a formative polymer matrix. The production process of carbon fibers is complex and energy intensive, thus making CFRPs more expensive than comparable metal materials. The advantage of CFRPs lies in their weight; metal materials of the same properties weight up to five times as much. This makes CFRPs especially valuable in areas, where weight and cost directly correlate, but high mechanical properties are still essential.
© TK Verlag - Fachverlag fĂĽr Kreislaufwirtschaft (9/2016)
Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are becoming increasingly more ubiquitous in our daily lives. CFRPs are composite materials, consisting of carbon fibers with high mechanical capabilities and a formative polymer matrix. The production process of carbon fibers is complex and energy intensive, thus making CFRPs more expensive than comparable metal materials. The advantage of CFRPs lies in their weight; metal materials of the same properties weight up to five times as much. This makes CFRPs especially valuable in areas, where weight and cost directly correlate, but high mechanical properties are still essential.
Review of the Best Available Techniques Reference Document (BREF) for Waste Incineration – What is the Current Status?
© TK Verlag - Fachverlag fĂĽr Kreislaufwirtschaft (9/2016)
The Best Available Techniques Reference Documents (BREF) are a central point of technical environmental protection in Europe. This involves connected to the IED a higher liability of the BREF because they are updated regularly. Even their further implementation and monitoring at the national level were laid down precisely.
© TK Verlag - Fachverlag fĂĽr Kreislaufwirtschaft (9/2016)
The Best Available Techniques Reference Documents (BREF) are a central point of technical environmental protection in Europe. This involves connected to the IED a higher liability of the BREF because they are updated regularly. Even their further implementation and monitoring at the national level were laid down precisely.
Material Stream Characterization with Acoustic Emission Technology
© ANTS - Institut fĂĽr anthropogene Stoffkreisläufe an der RWTH Aachen (2/2016)
Analyzing material streams is a crucial topic in the primary and secondary raw materials industry.
© ANTS - Institut fĂĽr anthropogene Stoffkreisläufe an der RWTH Aachen (2/2016)
Analyzing material streams is a crucial topic in the primary and secondary raw materials industry.
Use of SRF in cement plants
© Wasteconsult International (5/2015)
Over the last decades the German cement industry has gained lots of experience in theuse of alternative fuels in the clinker burning process. The share of suitable alternative fuels could be increased continuously. In 2013 almost 62 % of the overall thermal energy demand of the German clinker kilns was substituted via alternative fuels. The recovery process of energy and material is carried out in an environmentally safe manner. This is proven by continuous and periodic control of the emissions of the major pollutants.Furthermore, the alternative fuels are subject to a quality assurance system if necessary. Untreated mixed municipal wastes are not a suitable material for the clinker burning process. The use of alternative fuels does not only lead to a preservation of natural resources. It also delivers a significant contribution to the reduction of fossil fuel related greenhouse gas emissions. In the meantime, the use of suitable alternative materials in the cement industry is also considered as Best Available Technique (BAT).
© Wasteconsult International (5/2015)
Over the last decades the German cement industry has gained lots of experience in theuse of alternative fuels in the clinker burning process. The share of suitable alternative fuels could be increased continuously. In 2013 almost 62 % of the overall thermal energy demand of the German clinker kilns was substituted via alternative fuels. The recovery process of energy and material is carried out in an environmentally safe manner. This is proven by continuous and periodic control of the emissions of the major pollutants.Furthermore, the alternative fuels are subject to a quality assurance system if necessary. Untreated mixed municipal wastes are not a suitable material for the clinker burning process. The use of alternative fuels does not only lead to a preservation of natural resources. It also delivers a significant contribution to the reduction of fossil fuel related greenhouse gas emissions. In the meantime, the use of suitable alternative materials in the cement industry is also considered as Best Available Technique (BAT).
Resource Efficiency in the German Steel Industry
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
Recovery and recycling of metals from residues is important for protecting our natural resources. Therefore we identified approaches for the utilization of residues of the German steel industry to improve resource efficiency. The study focuses on the residues blast furnace sludge, basic oxygen furnace dust/sludge and electric arc furnace (EAF) dust. The objective of the study was to find further, more efficient connections between process chains.
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
Recovery and recycling of metals from residues is important for protecting our natural resources. Therefore we identified approaches for the utilization of residues of the German steel industry to improve resource efficiency. The study focuses on the residues blast furnace sludge, basic oxygen furnace dust/sludge and electric arc furnace (EAF) dust. The objective of the study was to find further, more efficient connections between process chains.
Strategic Challenges for the Development of a Sustainable Resource
Management
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
The Austrian waste management industry finds itself in a huge area of confl icts. The amounts of waste are declining, national waste utilization plants see themselves confronted with overcapacities, profit margins are getting successively smaller and the much-cited consolidation still has not happened.
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
The Austrian waste management industry finds itself in a huge area of confl icts. The amounts of waste are declining, national waste utilization plants see themselves confronted with overcapacities, profit margins are getting successively smaller and the much-cited consolidation still has not happened.
Development of an Ecodesign Tool for the Aircraft Industry
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
Each year over 2.2 billion passengers travel by plane. Over the next 20 years an increase of 4-5 % per annum is predicted combined with a doubling in the commercial aircraft fleet until 2050. The challenge is to meet the growth in an environmental friendly way.
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2014)
Each year over 2.2 billion passengers travel by plane. Over the next 20 years an increase of 4-5 % per annum is predicted combined with a doubling in the commercial aircraft fleet until 2050. The challenge is to meet the growth in an environmental friendly way.
Information: A Crucial Resource for Resource Management
© DGAW - Deutsche Gesellschaft fĂĽr Abfallwirtschaft e.V. (3/2014)
Material Flow Analysis (MFA) is a central tool of resources management. Although data can be considered a crucial resource for resource management, there is no common understanding on what MFA data is, how it contributes to MFA results, and how it can be discussed and communicated. This study contributes to this issue by proposing a terminology for information in Material Flow Analysis, and indicating further research steps towards consistent data base analysis and data quality assessment. The approaches of this study are illustrated by examples of two nation-wide MFA case studies on metals and phosphorus. The findings can, among others, contribute to increased MFA system understanding, database communication and data quality assessment.
© DGAW - Deutsche Gesellschaft fĂĽr Abfallwirtschaft e.V. (3/2014)
Material Flow Analysis (MFA) is a central tool of resources management. Although data can be considered a crucial resource for resource management, there is no common understanding on what MFA data is, how it contributes to MFA results, and how it can be discussed and communicated. This study contributes to this issue by proposing a terminology for information in Material Flow Analysis, and indicating further research steps towards consistent data base analysis and data quality assessment. The approaches of this study are illustrated by examples of two nation-wide MFA case studies on metals and phosphorus. The findings can, among others, contribute to increased MFA system understanding, database communication and data quality assessment.
