Emissions of VOCs during municipal biowaste and sludge composting in Pilot scale reactors
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2012)
During the composting process, organic matter is mainly transformed by aerobic reactions into a stabilized product.This process involves the production and release of some odorous gases to the atmosphere. There are far fewerpublished data on VOCs and odours emissions of composting process than emissions of others gases, such as NH3, N2Oor CH4 (Mallard (2005)). This article aims to evaluate VOCs and odours emissions during biowaste and sludgecomposting and to compare these emissions regarding different aeration conditions. Further Authors: P. Lavaud - Veolia Environnement Recherche & Innovation A. Covez - Veolia Environnement Recherche & Innovation R. Lecarpentier - Veolia Environnement Recherche & Innovation M. Jolly - Veolia Environnement Recherche & Innovation
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2012)
During the composting process, organic matter is mainly transformed by aerobic reactions into a stabilized product.This process involves the production and release of some odorous gases to the atmosphere. There are far fewerpublished data on VOCs and odours emissions of composting process than emissions of others gases, such as NH3, N2Oor CH4 (Mallard (2005)). This article aims to evaluate VOCs and odours emissions during biowaste and sludgecomposting and to compare these emissions regarding different aeration conditions. Further Authors: P. Lavaud - Veolia Environnement Recherche & Innovation A. Covez - Veolia Environnement Recherche & Innovation R. Lecarpentier - Veolia Environnement Recherche & Innovation M. Jolly - Veolia Environnement Recherche & Innovation
GHG emissions during the composting process as a function of the aeration strategy
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2012)
Composting is an aerobic thermophilic biodegradation process that requires oxygen to stabilize the organic wastes and optimal moisture content for the microorganisms development (Haug, 1993). Several parameters as C/N ratio, material porosity, moisture content and aeration rules for the oxygen supply must be analyzed and controlled to optimize the process development. Frequently, aeration is defined as the most important factor for the process performance. Further Author: C. Maulini
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2012)
Composting is an aerobic thermophilic biodegradation process that requires oxygen to stabilize the organic wastes and optimal moisture content for the microorganisms development (Haug, 1993). Several parameters as C/N ratio, material porosity, moisture content and aeration rules for the oxygen supply must be analyzed and controlled to optimize the process development. Frequently, aeration is defined as the most important factor for the process performance. Further Author: C. Maulini
Product Carbon Footprinting: Calculation and Communication Standards in the Making
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (6/2010)
A Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) is the entire life cycle (cradle-to-grave) accounting of greenhouse gases (GHGs) for an individual good or service. It is propagated to effect changes in corporate policy and consumer choice toward less emission intensive production and consumption patterns. Though not yet a legislative reality, calculation and communication standards are in the making. This study attempts to compare the most prominent PCF efforts to date, analysing how each emerging standard addresses key PCF calculation features. It concludes that potential for methodology harmonisation exists, and that the time is ripe and the know-how available for such harmonisation to occur. PCF standard harmonisation can be an important contributor to achievement of the transition to a more sustainable production and consumption culture needed for effective climate change mitigation.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (6/2010)
A Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) is the entire life cycle (cradle-to-grave) accounting of greenhouse gases (GHGs) for an individual good or service. It is propagated to effect changes in corporate policy and consumer choice toward less emission intensive production and consumption patterns. Though not yet a legislative reality, calculation and communication standards are in the making. This study attempts to compare the most prominent PCF efforts to date, analysing how each emerging standard addresses key PCF calculation features. It concludes that potential for methodology harmonisation exists, and that the time is ripe and the know-how available for such harmonisation to occur. PCF standard harmonisation can be an important contributor to achievement of the transition to a more sustainable production and consumption culture needed for effective climate change mitigation.
Feinstaub-Emissionen (PM 2.5) von druckstoßregenerierten Oberflächenfiltern
© Texocon GbR (11/2009)
Background • Cleanable (= cyclically operated) filters (bag filters, etc.) are very effective as particle emission control devices (<10 mg/m3) • Their emission behavior has received less scientific attention than their cleanability and cyclical operating stability • Size selective immission criteria (e.g. PM10, PM2.5) and tighter standards
© Texocon GbR (11/2009)
Background • Cleanable (= cyclically operated) filters (bag filters, etc.) are very effective as particle emission control devices (<10 mg/m3) • Their emission behavior has received less scientific attention than their cleanability and cyclical operating stability • Size selective immission criteria (e.g. PM10, PM2.5) and tighter standards
Environmentally focused production and distribution supply chain network structures
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Enterprise optimisation can rapidly strip significant “bottom line” costs out ofglobal operations, giving companies a real competitive edge. Traditionally, the main objective of such optimisation models and methods has been to maximise the financial benefits by integrating operational, design and cost decisions. Over the last decade there has been a growing concern for the environmental impact of design and operational decisions.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Enterprise optimisation can rapidly strip significant “bottom line” costs out ofglobal operations, giving companies a real competitive edge. Traditionally, the main objective of such optimisation models and methods has been to maximise the financial benefits by integrating operational, design and cost decisions. Over the last decade there has been a growing concern for the environmental impact of design and operational decisions.
Theoretical study of the deposition of nano-sized aerosol particles in fiber filters
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
This work aims the development of a theoretical study for the diffusive deposition of aerosol nanoparticles on a single fiber, which is perpendicular to the flow direction.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
This work aims the development of a theoretical study for the diffusive deposition of aerosol nanoparticles on a single fiber, which is perpendicular to the flow direction.
DNA damage in human pulmonary cells exposed to organic extracts of PM2.5 collected from two urban sites at different traffic intensity
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Genotoxic and oxidative effects of PM2.5 organic extracts from personal respirable dust samples of security guards working in two sites of Rome(Italy), were investigated. The PM 2.5 samples were collected at site 1 and site 2 characterized by moderate and high traffic intensity respectively.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Genotoxic and oxidative effects of PM2.5 organic extracts from personal respirable dust samples of security guards working in two sites of Rome(Italy), were investigated. The PM 2.5 samples were collected at site 1 and site 2 characterized by moderate and high traffic intensity respectively.
Statistical analysis of PM10 data in urban region of Volos, Greece
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Hourly measurements of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 ÎĽm (PM10) recorded in the urban area of Volos, a medium-sized Greek coastal city, for a seven-year period, 2001-2007, are analysed. The main objective of this work is to study the typical behaviour of this air pollutant concerning diurnal and seasonal variations and meteorology dependencies.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Hourly measurements of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 ÎĽm (PM10) recorded in the urban area of Volos, a medium-sized Greek coastal city, for a seven-year period, 2001-2007, are analysed. The main objective of this work is to study the typical behaviour of this air pollutant concerning diurnal and seasonal variations and meteorology dependencies.
Seasonal characteristics of particulate matter and metallic elements in a residential area in Ulsan, Korea
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
This study investigated mass and metallic elements composition of fine and coarse particles collected in an residential area of Ulsan, Korea. Daily sampling using an eight-stage cascade impactor were conducted from April through August 2008.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
This study investigated mass and metallic elements composition of fine and coarse particles collected in an residential area of Ulsan, Korea. Daily sampling using an eight-stage cascade impactor were conducted from April through August 2008.
Frequency of occurrence of concentrations of air pollutants and their relationship to the established activities in Thriassion Plain – Greece
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
In many cases the understating of air pollution and air quality problems requires the knowledge not only of the actual concentrations of the air pollutants, but also of the frequency of occurrence of these concentrations. This information can be used to track the relationship between air pollutants’ concentrations and long-term changes over an area, such as the number of activities and their emissions.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
In many cases the understating of air pollution and air quality problems requires the knowledge not only of the actual concentrations of the air pollutants, but also of the frequency of occurrence of these concentrations. This information can be used to track the relationship between air pollutants’ concentrations and long-term changes over an area, such as the number of activities and their emissions.
