Resource Recovery from Waste Using the Input Flexibility of Waste Gasification Technology© Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH (9/2016)
Nowadays, gasification of waste or biomass is becoming the great interest all over the world. Especially, gasification of municipal solid waste (MSW) has been well-researched in Japan. The development of MSW gasification technology was started in the 1970s in Japan because of oil crisis. Several technologies have been researched and developed. The Direct Melting System (DMS), which is the gasification and melting technology developed by
Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering Co., Ltd., is one of the developed waste gasification technologies in this era. This technology was introduced for commercial use in Kamaishi City, Japan in 1979. As well as this waste technology, other gasification technologies have been developed for commercial use and installed.
A regional and source-oriented approach of organic waste management - A feasibility study for composting on Bonaire, C/N© DGAW - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Abfallwirtschaft e.V. (3/2014)
This study investigated the feasibility of turning organic waste from food ‘FW’, vegetation ‘VW’, and sludge ‘SS’ into compost suitable for soil improvement purposes under the prevailing conditions on Bonaire. The research consisted of waste flow inventories, organic substrate characterizations, composting experiments, soil investigations, and the assessment of consequential environmental and financial impacts.
Landfill gas generation at municipal solid waste landfills of Ukraine© DGAW - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Abfallwirtschaft e.V. (3/2014)
Decisions on the technical measures for decreasing the gas emissions from the existing MSW landfills should be based on the evaluation of the current and future long-term emissions. Six Ukrainian landfills were investigated using laboratory tests (thermal and spectral methods, gas generation tests and others).
Leakage control of Biogas plants© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2012)
Anaerobic digestion has become a very important technology to treat organic waste and to generate renewable energy. During construction and operation leaks at biogas plants may occur and methane is emitted.
Further Authors:
S. Neitzel - Systemtechnik Weser-Ems
S. Kohne - esders Ltd
Composting of pic Faeces with corn stalks in China - Microbiological examinations; hygienic aspects and sanitation capacity© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2012)
With the increasing demand for meat (pork) the pig production in China increased over the last years,especially in the Northern East of China around mega cities like Beijing. Increasing pig production in large scale pigfarms head to enormous amounts of organic wastes (such as pig faeces), over-fertilization of agricultural areas andenvironmental pollution in regions with high pig production and density.
Further Authors:
Wang M., He C., Ling Y., Liu Y - China Agricultural University
Effect of operating Parameters during compost stability Respiration activity tests© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2012)
The goal of this work was to assess the effect of various operating parameters (sample size, temperature, air flowrate)during static and dynamic respiration activity tests that are used to assess compost stability. The material used in allexperiments was a MSW compost derived from a commingled MSW composting facility in Athens, Greece. Thefacility receives raw commingled MSW that go through several pre-processing steps, an active in-vessel compostingstep of 18 hr and 6 weeks and a final curing period of 5-6 weeks.
Further Authors:
D. Kanellos - Democritus University of Thrace
C. Kletsas - Democritus University of Thrace
MBT scrubber effluent: Wastewater or fertiliser?© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (5/2012)
The design of waste air cleaning in Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) plants frequently includes acid scrubbing followed by biofiltration. The main purpose of the former process is to remove ammonia from the exhaust air, which produces odours and is toxic for the biofilter microorganisms. The ammonia is then solubilised as ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate, according to the acid used in the scrubber (sulphuric or nitric acid, respectively). When the washing solution reaches a preset conductivity, it is partially discharged and replaced by fresh water. As a consequence, an effluent with high ammonia concentration is produced, which is difficult and expensive to treat in a waste water treatment plant. Yet, if we see it in the agronomical perspective, an ammonia rich solution may not be a pollutant but a fertiliser.
Further Authors:
H. Ribeiro - Technical University of Lisbon
D. Catalino - AMARSUL S.A.
Framing GHG Mitigation and Income Generation In the Municipal Solid Waste Management System© DGAW - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Abfallwirtschaft e.V. (6/2011)
Municipal solid waste management in the developing countries has long been a very much debated issue for the past decade. Unlike industrialized countries in the west which have accumulated enough wealth to deal with the treatment of wastes, developing countries are still struggling with their economic growth, which leaves them very little room to maneuver in terms of developing an integrated system of municipal waste management. Moreover, burgeoning mega-cities in the third world are confronted with a series of new waste-related challenges, such as increasing international attention to the emission of green house gases (GHGs), energy scarcity, growing population, widening gap between the rich and poor and inadequate public awareness.