Exploring techno-environmental pathways how urban biorefineries for
organic waste valorization potentially contribute to the design of future
urban bioeconomy systems with net-positive impact
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2022)
When striving to understand the complexity of driving forces on energy and material flows within cities and of cities in interrelation with their surroundings the multidisciplinary approach of framing, describing and specifying the regionalized urban metabolism is the state-of-the art tool which is currently further gaining in significance and scientific and political attention (Sanches and Bento 2020). There is for example the household metabolism for heating fuels which constitutes a major fraction of urban energy flows from the input side, which has to be reduced in the future to decouple from import dependency and from greenhouse gas intensive energy systems.
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2022)
When striving to understand the complexity of driving forces on energy and material flows within cities and of cities in interrelation with their surroundings the multidisciplinary approach of framing, describing and specifying the regionalized urban metabolism is the state-of-the art tool which is currently further gaining in significance and scientific and political attention (Sanches and Bento 2020). There is for example the household metabolism for heating fuels which constitutes a major fraction of urban energy flows from the input side, which has to be reduced in the future to decouple from import dependency and from greenhouse gas intensive energy systems.
bifa-Text No. 62: Ecoefficiency analysis of photovoltaic modules / english version
© bifa Umweltinstitut GmbH (2/2014)
The study by the bifa environmental institute describes a future-orientated view of the ecological and economic effects of photovoltaic (PV) systems along their whole life cycle.
© bifa Umweltinstitut GmbH (2/2014)
The study by the bifa environmental institute describes a future-orientated view of the ecological and economic effects of photovoltaic (PV) systems along their whole life cycle.
Securing India’s Energy Options in an Interdependent World
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (9/2012)
The International Energy Agency (IEA) defines energy security as “the physical availability of energy at a price which is affordable, while respecting environment concerns.”1 Today, energy security has become a worldwide concern due to the uneven distribution of energy supplies across the world. Many countries face a tough task in securing reliable sources of energy to power their economies. Common threats to energy security include political instability in various countries having huge oil and natural gas reserves, terrorism, attacks on supply infrastructure, rising prices of fossil fuels due to limited availability of resources (peaking of oil production) and overall competition by dominant countries in securing oil supplies.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (9/2012)
The International Energy Agency (IEA) defines energy security as “the physical availability of energy at a price which is affordable, while respecting environment concerns.”1 Today, energy security has become a worldwide concern due to the uneven distribution of energy supplies across the world. Many countries face a tough task in securing reliable sources of energy to power their economies. Common threats to energy security include political instability in various countries having huge oil and natural gas reserves, terrorism, attacks on supply infrastructure, rising prices of fossil fuels due to limited availability of resources (peaking of oil production) and overall competition by dominant countries in securing oil supplies.
The civilation biorefinery - inventories for efficient utilization of local waste and waste water based bioressources for material and energy generation
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2012)
Since fossil resources are limited, more and more focus is laid on the utilisation of organics for energygeneration. But these bioresources are also valuable for food, feed and material production. Biorefineries are complexand integrated systems of processes and facilities with the purpose to transform primary bioresources into a multitude ofenergetic and material products. They are expected to be the step forward into a bio-based economy. Civilisationbiorefineries expand this goal by the efficient utilization of local resources which are generated as secondary or tertiarybioresources in form of waste, waste water or residues e.g. of landscape care.
© European Compost Network ECN e.V. (6/2012)
Since fossil resources are limited, more and more focus is laid on the utilisation of organics for energygeneration. But these bioresources are also valuable for food, feed and material production. Biorefineries are complexand integrated systems of processes and facilities with the purpose to transform primary bioresources into a multitude ofenergetic and material products. They are expected to be the step forward into a bio-based economy. Civilisationbiorefineries expand this goal by the efficient utilization of local resources which are generated as secondary or tertiarybioresources in form of waste, waste water or residues e.g. of landscape care.
The International Renewable Energy Agency: A Global Voice for the Renewable Energy Era?
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (12/2011)
The International Renewable Energy Agency held the first session of its Assembly as a fully-fledged international organisation in April 2011. This article aims to introduce the Agency and provide a basis for ongoing academic comment, discussion and analysis as the Agency establishes itself and progresses its substantive work. The paper will briefly outline the origins of the Agency, its institutional arrangements and key elements of its Statute, and consider the first budget and work programme. The paper will note some points of interest that warrant further discussion before outlining the Agency’s activities to date and assessing the potential contribution the Agency can make to the development of renewables.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (12/2011)
The International Renewable Energy Agency held the first session of its Assembly as a fully-fledged international organisation in April 2011. This article aims to introduce the Agency and provide a basis for ongoing academic comment, discussion and analysis as the Agency establishes itself and progresses its substantive work. The paper will briefly outline the origins of the Agency, its institutional arrangements and key elements of its Statute, and consider the first budget and work programme. The paper will note some points of interest that warrant further discussion before outlining the Agency’s activities to date and assessing the potential contribution the Agency can make to the development of renewables.
LABILE CARBON FRACTIONS OF DIFFERENT BIOCHAR TYPES AND THE EFFECT OF BIOCHAR ON THE NITROGEN CYCLE
© HAWK Hochschule fĂĽr angewandte Wissenschaft und Kunst - Fakultät Ressourcenmanagement (10/2011)
One of the gaps in biochar research is the understanding of biochar's short and longer term interactions with the nitrogen cycle, which will inevitably affect crop yields. Some potential effects of biochar on the N-cycle are linked with 1) mineralization of soil organic matter, 2) abiotic N-immobilization due to biochar's charge and high surface area and 3) biotic N-immobilization during respiration of the labile carbon fraction of biochar.
© HAWK Hochschule fĂĽr angewandte Wissenschaft und Kunst - Fakultät Ressourcenmanagement (10/2011)
One of the gaps in biochar research is the understanding of biochar's short and longer term interactions with the nitrogen cycle, which will inevitably affect crop yields. Some potential effects of biochar on the N-cycle are linked with 1) mineralization of soil organic matter, 2) abiotic N-immobilization due to biochar's charge and high surface area and 3) biotic N-immobilization during respiration of the labile carbon fraction of biochar.
BIOCHAR AND SOIL C AND N DYNAMICS - EFFECT OF PYROLYSIS TECHNOLOGY AND TEMPERATURE SETTINGS
© HAWK Hochschule fĂĽr angewandte Wissenschaft und Kunst - Fakultät Ressourcenmanagement (10/2011)
Using data from incubation studies the effect of slow and fast pyrolysis on the chemical characteristics of biochar and the impact on C and N dynamics after soil incorporation was compared. Biochar was produced from wheat straw by slow pyrolysis (SP) at 525°C and by fast pyrolysis (FP) at five reactor temperatures (475- 575°C) using a Pyrolysis Centrifuge Reactor (PCR). After 115 days soil incubation 3- 12% of the added biochar-C had been emitted as CO2. The lowest cumulative emission (3%) was observed in the treatments with SP-biochar and high-temperature FP-biochar (575°C), whereas the highest emissions occurred in soil amended with low-temperature FP-biochars (475°C).
© HAWK Hochschule fĂĽr angewandte Wissenschaft und Kunst - Fakultät Ressourcenmanagement (10/2011)
Using data from incubation studies the effect of slow and fast pyrolysis on the chemical characteristics of biochar and the impact on C and N dynamics after soil incorporation was compared. Biochar was produced from wheat straw by slow pyrolysis (SP) at 525°C and by fast pyrolysis (FP) at five reactor temperatures (475- 575°C) using a Pyrolysis Centrifuge Reactor (PCR). After 115 days soil incubation 3- 12% of the added biochar-C had been emitted as CO2. The lowest cumulative emission (3%) was observed in the treatments with SP-biochar and high-temperature FP-biochar (575°C), whereas the highest emissions occurred in soil amended with low-temperature FP-biochars (475°C).
Tax Accounting for Transactions under an Emissions Trading Scheme: An Australasian Perspective
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (5/2011)
While the taxation treatment of transactions under an emissions trading scheme (ETS) has the potential to support or distort the primary object of the ETS, taxation considerations are often overlooked in the process of designing a scheme.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (5/2011)
While the taxation treatment of transactions under an emissions trading scheme (ETS) has the potential to support or distort the primary object of the ETS, taxation considerations are often overlooked in the process of designing a scheme.
Health in Global Climate Change Law: The Long Road to an Effective Legal Regime Protecting both Public Health and the Climate
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (12/2010)
As this article argues, human health – despite facing a serious threat from climate change – remains an ambivalent notion in the substantive, procedural, and institutional aspects as well as the implementation of both the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (12/2010)
As this article argues, human health – despite facing a serious threat from climate change – remains an ambivalent notion in the substantive, procedural, and institutional aspects as well as the implementation of both the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol.
The Impact of Energy Sector Reforms on Clean Development Mechanism
Renewable Energy Projects in Kenya
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (12/2010)
As a result of the World Bank heralded reforms of the 1980s and the need to address the cost and availability of electric power in Kenya, the country’s power sector has undergone significant restructuring.
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (12/2010)
As a result of the World Bank heralded reforms of the 1980s and the need to address the cost and availability of electric power in Kenya, the country’s power sector has undergone significant restructuring.
