Chemical analysis of a large series of PAHs and POPs in airborne and sediment samples and their contribution to genotoxic, tumorpromoting and endocrine-disrupting effects
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Combined chemical GC and HPLC analyses were successfully used to resolve several hundreds of individual aromatic compounds and different patterns of relative content of PAHs, methylated and nitrated PAH derivatives in various airborne and river sediment samples. Two approaches were used for sample fractionation. The fractionation on a silica column, based on analyte polarity, yielded aliphatic, nonpolar aromatic (containing both parental PAHs and POPs), H2SO4-silicatreated neutral POPs subfraction (in which PAHs were eliminated), semipolar aromatic (containing e.g. nitrated PAHs) and polar aromatic (with oxygenated PAHs, dialkyl phthalates and other, partly unidentified, polar aromatics) fractions.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Combined chemical GC and HPLC analyses were successfully used to resolve several hundreds of individual aromatic compounds and different patterns of relative content of PAHs, methylated and nitrated PAH derivatives in various airborne and river sediment samples. Two approaches were used for sample fractionation. The fractionation on a silica column, based on analyte polarity, yielded aliphatic, nonpolar aromatic (containing both parental PAHs and POPs), H2SO4-silicatreated neutral POPs subfraction (in which PAHs were eliminated), semipolar aromatic (containing e.g. nitrated PAHs) and polar aromatic (with oxygenated PAHs, dialkyl phthalates and other, partly unidentified, polar aromatics) fractions.
New automated technologies in environmentally sensitive shipyards
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Shipbuilding industry is known as one of the hardest metal industry with several chemicals and hazardous material. Most of the production processes such as welding, painting, blasting and fiberglass production have direct impact on workers health. There are several wastes and pollutants being released during shipbuilding and ship repairing processes.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Shipbuilding industry is known as one of the hardest metal industry with several chemicals and hazardous material. Most of the production processes such as welding, painting, blasting and fiberglass production have direct impact on workers health. There are several wastes and pollutants being released during shipbuilding and ship repairing processes.
Personal protective equipment to minimize the shipyard production processes health effects on shipyard workers
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Production processes of shipyards are divided into two main divisions under new shipbuilding and ship repair industry. The shipbuilding and ship repair industry is the combination of different production processes such as surface preparation, painting and coating, machining and metalworking operations, solvent cleaning and degreasing, welding and cutting operations. The inputs of these processes are various types of products and raw material such as primarily steel and other metals, paints and solvents, blasting abrasives, and machine and cutting oils.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Production processes of shipyards are divided into two main divisions under new shipbuilding and ship repair industry. The shipbuilding and ship repair industry is the combination of different production processes such as surface preparation, painting and coating, machining and metalworking operations, solvent cleaning and degreasing, welding and cutting operations. The inputs of these processes are various types of products and raw material such as primarily steel and other metals, paints and solvents, blasting abrasives, and machine and cutting oils.
A frozen treasure: the environmental specimen bank
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Time goes by and never comes back. Often we hypothesize that the environment has changed. Easily we are able to measure the current environmental conditions but we are not able to recall human and environmental exposure of the past. The environment is without memory and most information about past conditions is irretrievably lost. In the early 1980s together with a new national chemical legislation, Germany established an instrument that can serve as an environmental memory.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Time goes by and never comes back. Often we hypothesize that the environment has changed. Easily we are able to measure the current environmental conditions but we are not able to recall human and environmental exposure of the past. The environment is without memory and most information about past conditions is irretrievably lost. In the early 1980s together with a new national chemical legislation, Germany established an instrument that can serve as an environmental memory.
Potential of selected metals to cause Metal Fume Fever: a comprehensive review
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Metal fume fever (MFF) is a disease as old as the metallurgy of brass. It is an industrial acute illness of short duration that occurs when metals are heated above their melting point. It is most common to people with no previous exposure to the fumes or in workers returning to industrial environment after weekend. The disease is a constellation of symptoms, which may include metallic taste, cough, sneezing and tightness of chest, sweating, headache, fever, muscle aches, mouth dryness, nausea, vomiting, leykocytosis and tiredness. It is believed that the disease has an immunopathological basis facilitated by cytokines. The present paper highlights the mechanisms of MFF through the most relevant in vivo and in vitro experiments. Furthermore, each candidate metal is examined in relation to MFF provocation potential.
© Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (6/2009)
Metal fume fever (MFF) is a disease as old as the metallurgy of brass. It is an industrial acute illness of short duration that occurs when metals are heated above their melting point. It is most common to people with no previous exposure to the fumes or in workers returning to industrial environment after weekend. The disease is a constellation of symptoms, which may include metallic taste, cough, sneezing and tightness of chest, sweating, headache, fever, muscle aches, mouth dryness, nausea, vomiting, leykocytosis and tiredness. It is believed that the disease has an immunopathological basis facilitated by cytokines. The present paper highlights the mechanisms of MFF through the most relevant in vivo and in vitro experiments. Furthermore, each candidate metal is examined in relation to MFF provocation potential.
Testing Bans and Marketing Bans under the Cosmetics Directive
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (4/2009)
How to find a balance between the protection of animal welfare and the right to develop and market cosmetic ingredients
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (4/2009)
How to find a balance between the protection of animal welfare and the right to develop and market cosmetic ingredients
Environmental Impacts at a Gold Mining Enterprise in Bolivia
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2008)
EMIRSA has used NaCN as leaching agent from the beginning at the Kori Kollo gold mine and does so until today. During the project of oxidised ores (1982–1992) heap leaching and subsequently the Merrill-Crowe-Process (precipitation with zinc dust) were applied, gaining a gold precipitate as product. The metallurgical process was changed with the mining of sulphide ores (1992–2003) in favour of leaching in agitated tanks including CIL (carbon-in-leach), followed by electrolysis and casting of bars of doré (an alloy of gold and silver).
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2008)
EMIRSA has used NaCN as leaching agent from the beginning at the Kori Kollo gold mine and does so until today. During the project of oxidised ores (1982–1992) heap leaching and subsequently the Merrill-Crowe-Process (precipitation with zinc dust) were applied, gaining a gold precipitate as product. The metallurgical process was changed with the mining of sulphide ores (1992–2003) in favour of leaching in agitated tanks including CIL (carbon-in-leach), followed by electrolysis and casting of bars of doré (an alloy of gold and silver).
APPLICATION OF WASHING AND ELECTROKINETIC TREATMENTS TO A HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATED SEASEDIMENT
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Dredging of several hundred million cubic meters of sediments each year from harbors and waterways is mandatory in order to maintain the efficiency of the navigation system. Presently, the most common approach to management of dredged sediments is generally limited to dumping into confined disposal facilities (CDFs), but this solution could create potential concerns such as contaminant exposure and slow dewatering/consolidation (Reddy et al., 2006); in addition, disposal is space-consuming and proper sites can be difficult to find (Nystroem et al., 2006). Conversely, dredged sediments could be used in a valuable way, such as for habitat restoration and creation, beach nourishment, industrial and commercial development, enlargement of harbors and other coastal structures.
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Dredging of several hundred million cubic meters of sediments each year from harbors and waterways is mandatory in order to maintain the efficiency of the navigation system. Presently, the most common approach to management of dredged sediments is generally limited to dumping into confined disposal facilities (CDFs), but this solution could create potential concerns such as contaminant exposure and slow dewatering/consolidation (Reddy et al., 2006); in addition, disposal is space-consuming and proper sites can be difficult to find (Nystroem et al., 2006). Conversely, dredged sediments could be used in a valuable way, such as for habitat restoration and creation, beach nourishment, industrial and commercial development, enlargement of harbors and other coastal structures.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATIONS OF MARINE SEDIMENTS COLLECTED IN PORT ENVIRONMENTS AIMED AT SAFE DISPOSAL
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Coastal environments have always been strategic locations for the social and economic development of every country. Hence coasts are continuously monitored in order to contain the unavoidable of anthropic activities effects on the delicate equilibrium of marine environments. These checks are particularly important in dock areas which are the core-points for all marine activities such as the transit of large commercial and passenger ships, large and small fishing boats and all the industrial and commercial activities typical of port areas.
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Coastal environments have always been strategic locations for the social and economic development of every country. Hence coasts are continuously monitored in order to contain the unavoidable of anthropic activities effects on the delicate equilibrium of marine environments. These checks are particularly important in dock areas which are the core-points for all marine activities such as the transit of large commercial and passenger ships, large and small fishing boats and all the industrial and commercial activities typical of port areas.
MODELING OF TRANSPORT AND GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES BETWEEN LANDFILL LEACHATE AND A SATURATED BARRIER SYSTEM
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Landfill leachate is a dangerous and polluting solution formed by a very complex sequence of physical, chemical and biological processes modifying the rainwater that percolates through waste (Bogner et al.,1996). Migration of the pollutants from the waste material into the percolating water is another important phenomenon requiring attention (Mora-Naranjo et al., 2004). The resulting leachate is a solution containing dissolved organic matter, inorganic macrocomponents, heavy metals and xenobiotic organic compounds and is characterized by reducing redox state (Christensen et al., 2001). Migration is a long-term and continuous process and the leachate may evolve and pollute the surrounding environment for hundred of years (Ustohalova et al., 2006).
© IWWG International Waste Working Group (10/2007)
Landfill leachate is a dangerous and polluting solution formed by a very complex sequence of physical, chemical and biological processes modifying the rainwater that percolates through waste (Bogner et al.,1996). Migration of the pollutants from the waste material into the percolating water is another important phenomenon requiring attention (Mora-Naranjo et al., 2004). The resulting leachate is a solution containing dissolved organic matter, inorganic macrocomponents, heavy metals and xenobiotic organic compounds and is characterized by reducing redox state (Christensen et al., 2001). Migration is a long-term and continuous process and the leachate may evolve and pollute the surrounding environment for hundred of years (Ustohalova et al., 2006).
