Planning and Design of Kemah Arch Dam in a Very Strong Seismic Region
© Springer Vieweg | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH (6/2016)
The Kemah arch dam is situated in Turkey close to the Eurasian Seismic Zone, where the peak ground acceleration of a 2 500-year earthquake reaches to a value of 0.70g. In this paper, the planning and design of the arch dam are reported besides presentation of main features of the project. Based on the results of geological and geotechnical investigation including the karstic foundation, shape of the arch dam was optimized using the time-history approach to cope with the extraordinary seismic loading, and the stresses in the arch dam and foundation were analysed in each time step. Based on the determined tensile and compressive stresses, the required concrete classes were accordingly defined.
© Springer Vieweg | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH (6/2016)
The Kemah arch dam is situated in Turkey close to the Eurasian Seismic Zone, where the peak ground acceleration of a 2 500-year earthquake reaches to a value of 0.70g. In this paper, the planning and design of the arch dam are reported besides presentation of main features of the project. Based on the results of geological and geotechnical investigation including the karstic foundation, shape of the arch dam was optimized using the time-history approach to cope with the extraordinary seismic loading, and the stresses in the arch dam and foundation were analysed in each time step. Based on the determined tensile and compressive stresses, the required concrete classes were accordingly defined.
Deformation Behavior of Sanibey Dam Concrete Slab Joints
© Springer Vieweg | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH (6/2016)
The 130.0 m high Sanibey Dam is located on Seyhan River in the southern part of Turkey. Construction of CFRD, concrete faced rockfill dam, was completed at the beginning of 2010 and full reservoir level was reached in 2011. The goal of this study is to present the prediction of joint movements to be expected during impounding, based on the observed settlements as monitored during construction for Sanibey Dam. For this purpose, first, the actual construction stages are modeled in finite element model according to the real construction schedule and then, material properties are obtained from back analysis of construction stage. Finally, instrumentation readings of impounding stage are compared with calculated joint displacement values and discussed.
© Springer Vieweg | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH (6/2016)
The 130.0 m high Sanibey Dam is located on Seyhan River in the southern part of Turkey. Construction of CFRD, concrete faced rockfill dam, was completed at the beginning of 2010 and full reservoir level was reached in 2011. The goal of this study is to present the prediction of joint movements to be expected during impounding, based on the observed settlements as monitored during construction for Sanibey Dam. For this purpose, first, the actual construction stages are modeled in finite element model according to the real construction schedule and then, material properties are obtained from back analysis of construction stage. Finally, instrumentation readings of impounding stage are compared with calculated joint displacement values and discussed.
Membrane Filtration of Wastewater Split Flows originating from Paper Industry and Biological Wastewater Treatment of the generated Membrane
Concentrates
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2011)
Wastewater effluents from deinking- and TMP processes were taken and were concentrated in 2 stages consisting of ultra- and nanofi ltration. Futher more, the concentrates were biologically treated with a single aerobic and a hybrid anaerobic-aerobic process. With a continuous anaerobic reactor and an aerobic SBR reactor experiments were conducted to study the variations in hydraulic retention time (HRT), food to biomass ratio (F/M) and wastewater concentrate. For the deinking wastewater concentrate, an overall average COD elimination of 51 % and 57 % was achieved for aerobic and anaerobic-aerobic treatment, respectively. Single stage aerobic treatment of TMP wastewater concentrate had an mean COD elimination effi ciency of 61 % and the hybrid anaerobic-aerobic treatment yielded 73 %. The temperature in the aerobic biological SBR reactor was kept stable at 30 °C with an F/M ratio between 0.01 and 0.5 gBOD5/(gSS · d).
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2011)
Wastewater effluents from deinking- and TMP processes were taken and were concentrated in 2 stages consisting of ultra- and nanofi ltration. Futher more, the concentrates were biologically treated with a single aerobic and a hybrid anaerobic-aerobic process. With a continuous anaerobic reactor and an aerobic SBR reactor experiments were conducted to study the variations in hydraulic retention time (HRT), food to biomass ratio (F/M) and wastewater concentrate. For the deinking wastewater concentrate, an overall average COD elimination of 51 % and 57 % was achieved for aerobic and anaerobic-aerobic treatment, respectively. Single stage aerobic treatment of TMP wastewater concentrate had an mean COD elimination effi ciency of 61 % and the hybrid anaerobic-aerobic treatment yielded 73 %. The temperature in the aerobic biological SBR reactor was kept stable at 30 °C with an F/M ratio between 0.01 and 0.5 gBOD5/(gSS · d).
Challenge of High Water Hardness and Elevated Temperature: MBR Pilot Trials in the Paper Industry under Mesophilic and Thermophilic Conditions
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2011)
The results of two MBR pilot trials conducted in paper mills are discussed. In the fi rst trial it was possible to operate a MBR pilot plant under the challenges of extremely high water hardness and a mean calcium concentration of 770 mg/L that caused massive scaling problems. An upstream lime softening pilot plant was designed and constructed. As a result, the fl ux increased again and the cleaning intervals could be extended signifi cantly. With the help of lime softening, 50–80 % of the calcium was removed upstream of the MBR pilot plant. The second part of the paper describes trials using a thermophilic aerobic MBR (TMBR) at 50 °C. A new and innovative use of submerged fl at-sheet MBR-modules to treat paper industry circuit wastewater was studied. The elimination rates of the TMBR regarding COD and BOD5 were 83 % and 99 %, respectively. A pilot trial was conducted at a fl ux of 4.5 to 8.5 L/m2/h. Lab experiments with a smaller membrane module had shown a higher fl ux of 8 to 13 L/m2/h.
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2011)
The results of two MBR pilot trials conducted in paper mills are discussed. In the fi rst trial it was possible to operate a MBR pilot plant under the challenges of extremely high water hardness and a mean calcium concentration of 770 mg/L that caused massive scaling problems. An upstream lime softening pilot plant was designed and constructed. As a result, the fl ux increased again and the cleaning intervals could be extended signifi cantly. With the help of lime softening, 50–80 % of the calcium was removed upstream of the MBR pilot plant. The second part of the paper describes trials using a thermophilic aerobic MBR (TMBR) at 50 °C. A new and innovative use of submerged fl at-sheet MBR-modules to treat paper industry circuit wastewater was studied. The elimination rates of the TMBR regarding COD and BOD5 were 83 % and 99 %, respectively. A pilot trial was conducted at a fl ux of 4.5 to 8.5 L/m2/h. Lab experiments with a smaller membrane module had shown a higher fl ux of 8 to 13 L/m2/h.
Comparison of the Pretreatment Efficiency Between UF and Sand Filtration of a Desalination Process Using a Reverse Osmosis Membrane
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2011)
The pretreatment process is known to be the dominant infl uence factor in the RO process. Therefore, this study was done to evaluate effi ciency by comparing membrane fi ltration (UF) with two-stage sand fi ltrations for pretreatment of the RO process. SDI and particle size distribution of feed sea water and pretreatment permeate water were measured to analyse the infl uence of the fouling factor of the RO membrane. The SDI removal effi - ciency of the UF membrane fi ltration process was better than that for the sand fi ltration. The particle fraction under 20 ÎĽm of feed sea water and sand fi ltration permeate water was more than 93 % and 97 %, respectively. As for results of operation, micro particles were not removed by the sand fi ltration. Furthermore, although the UF membrane process had a higher recovery than the sand fi ltration process, the UF membrane process represented low RO resistance.
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2011)
The pretreatment process is known to be the dominant infl uence factor in the RO process. Therefore, this study was done to evaluate effi ciency by comparing membrane fi ltration (UF) with two-stage sand fi ltrations for pretreatment of the RO process. SDI and particle size distribution of feed sea water and pretreatment permeate water were measured to analyse the infl uence of the fouling factor of the RO membrane. The SDI removal effi - ciency of the UF membrane fi ltration process was better than that for the sand fi ltration. The particle fraction under 20 ÎĽm of feed sea water and sand fi ltration permeate water was more than 93 % and 97 %, respectively. As for results of operation, micro particles were not removed by the sand fi ltration. Furthermore, although the UF membrane process had a higher recovery than the sand fi ltration process, the UF membrane process represented low RO resistance.
Petroleum Coke Fly Ash Use for Heavy Metals Removal from Acid Wastewaters
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2010)
This work is focused on the characterizationof a Chilean petroleum coke fly ash (PCFA) from circulated fluidized bed combustion (CFCB), and its potential use in Cu2+ and Pb2+ removal from acid wastewaters (pH 4). CFBC-PCFA presents a high Ca and SO3 content, being anhydrite the major crystalline mineral phase. Regarding to their environmental characterization, despite of its high Ni and V content, leaching tests allowed concluding that CFBC-PCFA is a non-hazardous residue. Heavy metals removal tests indicate that CFBC-PCFA is able to remove Cu2+ and Pb2+ mainly due to a precipitation process, at high liquid to solid ratios. According to these results, CFBC-PCFA may be used to remove heavy metals and neutralize acid wastewaters, suggesting a possible replacement of pure and costly alkaline materials.
© Lehrstuhl fĂĽr Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben (11/2010)
This work is focused on the characterizationof a Chilean petroleum coke fly ash (PCFA) from circulated fluidized bed combustion (CFCB), and its potential use in Cu2+ and Pb2+ removal from acid wastewaters (pH 4). CFBC-PCFA presents a high Ca and SO3 content, being anhydrite the major crystalline mineral phase. Regarding to their environmental characterization, despite of its high Ni and V content, leaching tests allowed concluding that CFBC-PCFA is a non-hazardous residue. Heavy metals removal tests indicate that CFBC-PCFA is able to remove Cu2+ and Pb2+ mainly due to a precipitation process, at high liquid to solid ratios. According to these results, CFBC-PCFA may be used to remove heavy metals and neutralize acid wastewaters, suggesting a possible replacement of pure and costly alkaline materials.
Biofilms on aged Materials in Household Installation Systems
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (8/2010)
The causes of contamination originate in the water itself and on materials in contact with water. Drinking water is not sterile and does not have to be. Water treatment plants’ strategy consists in removing the nutrients that bacteria feed on to produce “biostable” drinking water. This allows in many cases chlorination to be avoided. But it is known that even biologically stable drinking water with very low nutrient content still contains micro-organisms. These micro-organisms can multiply themselves if they encounter nutrients.
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (8/2010)
The causes of contamination originate in the water itself and on materials in contact with water. Drinking water is not sterile and does not have to be. Water treatment plants’ strategy consists in removing the nutrients that bacteria feed on to produce “biostable” drinking water. This allows in many cases chlorination to be avoided. But it is known that even biologically stable drinking water with very low nutrient content still contains micro-organisms. These micro-organisms can multiply themselves if they encounter nutrients.
Raw water quality prognosis
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2009)
Hydrogeochemical modelling of raw water quality – a planning and forecasting tool Nitrate, denitrifi cation, hydrogeochemical modelling, PHREEQC, raw water prediction
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2009)
Hydrogeochemical modelling of raw water quality – a planning and forecasting tool Nitrate, denitrifi cation, hydrogeochemical modelling, PHREEQC, raw water prediction
Germany’s Eldest Paper Mill at the Zwickauer Mulde River
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2009)
Flood protection concept with mobile “Wilo-Drain TP” pumps
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2009)
Flood protection concept with mobile “Wilo-Drain TP” pumps
New Ballast Water Treatment System
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2009)
RWO’s innovation product CleanBallast boards ship
© DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH / Vulkan-Verlag GmbH (9/2009)
RWO’s innovation product CleanBallast boards ship
